build(python): migrate to uv (#5222)

.github/workflows/ci-linux.yml

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ on:
         required: true
         type: string
 
+env:
+  PYTHON_VERSION: '3.14'
+
 jobs:
   build_linux:
     name: ${{ matrix.name }}
@@ -161,7 +164,15 @@ jobs:
         id: python
         uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405  # v6.2.0
         with:
-          python-version: '3.14'
+          python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
+
+      - name: Setup uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@08807647e7069bb48b6ef5acd8ec9567f424441b  # v8.1.0
+        with:
+          enable-cache: true
+
+      - name: Sync Python tools
+        run: uv sync --locked --only-group test --python "${PYTHON_VERSION}" --no-python-downloads --no-install-project
 
       - name: Run tests
         id: test
@@ -181,8 +192,7 @@ jobs:
           (steps.test.outcome == 'success' || steps.test.outcome == 'failure')
         working-directory: build
         run: |
-          ${{ steps.python.outputs.python-path }} -m pip install "..[test]"
-          ${{ steps.python.outputs.python-path }} -m gcovr --gcov-executable "gcov-${GCC_VERSION}" . -r ../src \
+          uv run --locked --no-sync python -m gcovr --gcov-executable "gcov-${GCC_VERSION}" . -r ../src \
             --exclude-noncode-lines \
             --exclude-throw-branches \
             --exclude-unreachable-branches \