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Sunshine/src/platform/linux/pipewire.cpp

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/**
* @file src/platform/linux/pipewire.cpp
* @brief Shared classes for pipewire-based capture methods.
*/
// standard includes
#include <fstream>
// lib includes
#include <gio/gio.h>
#include <gio/gunixfdlist.h>
#include <libdrm/drm_fourcc.h>
#include <pipewire/pipewire.h>
#include <spa/param/video/format-utils.h>
#include <spa/param/video/type-info.h>
#include <spa/pod/builder.h>
// local includes
#include "cuda.h"
#include "graphics.h"
#include "src/main.h"
#include "src/platform/common.h"
#include "src/video.h"
#include "vaapi.h"
#include "vulkan_encode.h"
#include "wayland.h"
#if !PW_CHECK_VERSION(1, 6, 0)
constexpr int SPA_VIDEO_TRANSFER_SMPTE2084 = 14;
#endif
namespace {
// Buffer and limit constants
constexpr int SPA_POD_BUFFER_SIZE = 4096;
constexpr int MAX_PARAMS = 200;
constexpr int MAX_DMABUF_FORMATS = 200;
constexpr int MAX_DMABUF_MODIFIERS = 200;
} // namespace
using namespace std::literals;
namespace pipewire {
struct format_map_t {
uint64_t fourcc;
int32_t pw_format;
};
static constexpr std::array<format_map_t, 7> format_map = {{
{DRM_FORMAT_XBGR2101010, SPA_VIDEO_FORMAT_xBGR_210LE},
{DRM_FORMAT_BGRA1010102, SPA_VIDEO_FORMAT_ARGB_210LE},
{DRM_FORMAT_RGBA1010102, SPA_VIDEO_FORMAT_ABGR_210LE},
{DRM_FORMAT_ABGR2101010, SPA_VIDEO_FORMAT_RGBA_102LE},
{DRM_FORMAT_ARGB2101010, SPA_VIDEO_FORMAT_BGRA_102LE},
{DRM_FORMAT_ARGB8888, SPA_VIDEO_FORMAT_BGRA},
{DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888, SPA_VIDEO_FORMAT_BGRx},
}};
struct shared_state_t {
std::atomic<int> negotiated_width {0};
std::atomic<int> negotiated_height {0};
std::atomic<int> color_primaries {0};
std::atomic<int> transfer_function {0};
std::atomic<bool> stream_dead {false};
pw_stream_state previous_state;
pw_stream_state current_state;
std::string err_msg;
};
struct stream_data_t {
struct pw_stream *stream;
struct spa_hook stream_listener;
struct spa_video_info format;
struct pw_buffer *current_buffer;
uint64_t drm_format;
std::shared_ptr<shared_state_t> shared;
std::mutex frame_mutex;
std::condition_variable frame_cv;
size_t local_stride = 0;
bool frame_ready = false;
// Two distinct memory pools
std::vector<uint8_t> buffer_a;
std::vector<uint8_t> buffer_b;
// Points to the buffer currently owned by fill_img
std::vector<uint8_t> *front_buffer;
// Points to the buffer currently being written by on_process
std::vector<uint8_t> *back_buffer;
stream_data_t():
front_buffer(&buffer_a),
back_buffer(&buffer_b) {}
};
struct dmabuf_format_info_t {
int32_t format;
uint64_t *modifiers;
int n_modifiers;
};
class pipewire_t {
public:
pipewire_t():
loop(pw_thread_loop_new("Pipewire thread", nullptr)) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Start PW thread loop"sv;
pw_thread_loop_start(loop);
}
~pipewire_t() {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Destroying pipewire_t"sv;
if (loop) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Stop PW thread loop"sv;
pw_thread_loop_stop(loop);
}
try {
cleanup_stream();
} catch (const std::exception &e) {
BOOST_LOG(error) << "[pipewire] Standard exception caught in ~pipewire_t: "sv << e.what();
} catch (...) {
BOOST_LOG(error) << "[pipewire] Unknown exception caught in ~pipewire_t"sv;
}
pw_thread_loop_lock(loop);
if (core) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Disconnect PW core"sv;
pw_core_disconnect(core);
core = nullptr;
}
if (context) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Destroy PW context"sv;
pw_context_destroy(context);
context = nullptr;
}
pw_thread_loop_unlock(loop);
if (fd >= 0) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Close pipewire_fd"sv;
close(fd);
}
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Stop PW thread loop"sv;
pw_thread_loop_stop(loop);
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Destroy PW thread loop"sv;
pw_thread_loop_destroy(loop);
}
std::mutex &frame_mutex() {
return stream_data.frame_mutex;
}
std::condition_variable &frame_cv() {
return stream_data.frame_cv;
}
bool is_frame_ready() const {
return stream_data.frame_ready;
}
void set_frame_ready(bool ready) {
stream_data.frame_ready = ready;
}
int init(const int stream_fd, const uint32_t stream_node, const uint64_t stream_object_serial, std::shared_ptr<shared_state_t> shared_state) {
fd = stream_fd;
node = stream_node;
object_serial = stream_object_serial;
stream_data.shared = std::move(shared_state);
pw_thread_loop_lock(loop);
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Setup PW context"sv;
context = pw_context_new(pw_thread_loop_get_loop(loop), nullptr, 0);
if (context) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Connect PW context to fd"sv;
if (fd >= 0) {
core = pw_context_connect_fd(context, fd, nullptr, 0);
} else {
core = pw_context_connect(context, nullptr, 0);
}
if (core) {
pw_core_add_listener(core, &core_listener, &core_events, nullptr);
} else {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Failed to connect to PW core. Error: "sv << errno << "(" << strerror(errno) << ")"sv;
return -1;
}
} else {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Failed to setup PW context. Error: "sv << errno << "(" << strerror(errno) << ")"sv;
return -1;
}
pw_thread_loop_unlock(loop);
return 0;
}
void cleanup_stream() {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Cleaning up stream"sv;
if (loop && stream_data.stream) {
pw_thread_loop_lock(loop);
// 1. Lock the frame mutex to stop fill_img
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Stop fill_img"sv;
{
std::scoped_lock lock(stream_data.frame_mutex);
stream_data.frame_ready = false;
stream_data.current_buffer = nullptr;
}
if (stream_data.stream) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Disconnect stream"sv;
pw_stream_disconnect(stream_data.stream);
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Destroy stream"sv;
pw_stream_destroy(stream_data.stream);
stream_data.stream = nullptr;
}
pw_thread_loop_unlock(loop);
}
}
int ensure_stream(const platf::mem_type_e mem_type, const uint32_t width, const uint32_t height, const uint32_t refresh_rate, const struct dmabuf_format_info_t *dmabuf_infos, const int n_dmabuf_infos, const bool display_is_nvidia) {
pw_thread_loop_lock(loop);
if (!stream_data.stream) {
if (!core) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] PW core not available. Cannot ensure stream."sv;
pw_thread_loop_unlock(loop);
return -1;
}
struct pw_properties *props = pw_properties_new(PW_KEY_MEDIA_TYPE, "Video", PW_KEY_MEDIA_CATEGORY, "Capture", PW_KEY_MEDIA_ROLE, "Screen", nullptr);
#ifdef PW_KEY_TARGET_OBJECT
// If pipewire supports setting a PW_KEY_TARGET_OBJECT via object serial and the serial is valid (lower 32-bits not SPA_ID_INVALID, see PW_KEY_OBJECT_SERIAL docs), use it.
if ((object_serial & SPA_ID_INVALID) != SPA_ID_INVALID) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Set PW stream target object to serial: "sv << object_serial;
pw_properties_setf(props, PW_KEY_TARGET_OBJECT, "%" PRIu64, object_serial);
node = PW_ID_ANY; // Force pw_connect_stream to connect via object serial in PW_KEY_TARGET_OBJECT with this value.
}
#endif
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Create PW stream"sv;
stream_data.stream = pw_stream_new(core, "Sunshine Video Capture", props);
pw_stream_add_listener(stream_data.stream, &stream_data.stream_listener, &stream_events, &stream_data);
std::array<uint8_t, SPA_POD_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer;
struct spa_pod_builder pod_builder = SPA_POD_BUILDER_INIT(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
int n_params = 0;
std::array<const struct spa_pod *, MAX_PARAMS> params;
// Add preferred parameters for DMA-BUF with modifiers
// Use DMA-BUF for VAAPI, or for CUDA when the display GPU is NVIDIA (pure NVIDIA system).
// On hybrid GPU systems (Intel+NVIDIA), DMA-BUFs come from the Intel GPU and cannot
// be imported into CUDA, so we fall back to memory buffers in that case.
bool use_dmabuf = n_dmabuf_infos > 0 && (mem_type == platf::mem_type_e::vaapi ||
mem_type == platf::mem_type_e::vulkan ||
(mem_type == platf::mem_type_e::cuda && display_is_nvidia));
if (use_dmabuf) {
for (int i = 0; i < n_dmabuf_infos; i++) {
auto format_param = build_format_parameter(&pod_builder, width, height, refresh_rate, dmabuf_infos[i].format, dmabuf_infos[i].modifiers, dmabuf_infos[i].n_modifiers);
params[n_params] = format_param;
n_params++;
}
}
// Add fallback for memptr
for (const auto &fmt : format_map) {
auto format_param = build_format_parameter(&pod_builder, width, height, refresh_rate, fmt.pw_format, nullptr, 0);
params[n_params] = format_param;
n_params++;
}
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Connect PW stream - fd: "sv << fd << " node: "sv << node << " object serial: "sv << object_serial;
pw_stream_connect(stream_data.stream, PW_DIRECTION_INPUT, node, (enum pw_stream_flags)(PW_STREAM_FLAG_AUTOCONNECT | PW_STREAM_FLAG_MAP_BUFFERS), params.data(), n_params);
}
pw_thread_loop_unlock(loop);
return 0;
}
static void close_img_fds(egl::img_descriptor_t *img_descriptor) {
for (int &fd : img_descriptor->sd.fds) {
if (fd >= 0) {
close(fd);
fd = -1;
}
}
}
static void fill_img_metadata(egl::img_descriptor_t *img_descriptor, struct spa_buffer *buf) {
img_descriptor->frame_timestamp = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
struct spa_meta_header *h = static_cast<struct spa_meta_header *>(
spa_buffer_find_meta_data(buf, SPA_META_Header, sizeof(*h))
);
if (h) {
img_descriptor->seq = h->seq;
img_descriptor->pts = h->pts;
}
if (buf->n_datas > 0) {
img_descriptor->pw_flags = buf->datas[0].chunk->flags;
}
struct spa_meta_region *damage = static_cast<struct spa_meta_region *>(
spa_buffer_find_meta_data(buf, SPA_META_VideoDamage, sizeof(*damage))
);
img_descriptor->pw_damage = (damage && damage->region.size.width > 0 && damage->region.size.height > 0) ? std::optional<bool>(true) : std::nullopt;
}
static void fill_img_dmabuf(egl::img_descriptor_t *img_descriptor, struct spa_buffer *buf, const stream_data_t &d) {
img_descriptor->sd.width = d.format.info.raw.size.width;
img_descriptor->sd.height = d.format.info.raw.size.height;
img_descriptor->sd.modifier = d.format.info.raw.modifier;
img_descriptor->sd.fourcc = d.drm_format;
for (int i = 0; i < MIN(buf->n_datas, 4); i++) {
img_descriptor->sd.fds[i] = dup(buf->datas[i].fd);
img_descriptor->sd.pitches[i] = buf->datas[i].chunk->stride;
img_descriptor->sd.offsets[i] = buf->datas[i].chunk->offset;
}
}
void fill_img(platf::img_t *img) {
pw_thread_loop_lock(loop);
std::scoped_lock lock(stream_data.frame_mutex);
if (stream_data.shared && stream_data.shared->stream_dead.load()) {
img->data = nullptr;
close_img_fds(static_cast<egl::img_descriptor_t *>(img));
pw_thread_loop_unlock(loop);
return;
}
if (!stream_data.current_buffer) {
img->data = nullptr;
pw_thread_loop_unlock(loop);
return;
}
struct spa_buffer *buf = stream_data.current_buffer->buffer;
if (buf->datas[0].chunk->size != 0) {
auto *img_descriptor = static_cast<egl::img_descriptor_t *>(img);
fill_img_metadata(img_descriptor, buf);
if (buf->datas[0].type == SPA_DATA_DmaBuf) {
fill_img_dmabuf(img_descriptor, buf, stream_data);
} else {
img->data = stream_data.front_buffer->data();
img->row_pitch = stream_data.local_stride;
}
}
pw_thread_loop_unlock(loop);
}
void set_negotiate_maxframerate(bool negotiate_maxframerate) {
negotiate_maxframerate_ = negotiate_maxframerate;
}
private:
struct pw_thread_loop *loop;
struct pw_context *context;
struct pw_core *core;
struct spa_hook core_listener;
struct stream_data_t stream_data;
int fd;
uint32_t node;
uint64_t object_serial;
bool negotiate_maxframerate_ = true;
struct spa_pod *build_format_parameter(struct spa_pod_builder *b, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t refresh_rate, int32_t format, uint64_t *modifiers, int n_modifiers) {
struct spa_pod_frame object_frame;
struct spa_pod_frame modifier_frame;
std::array<struct spa_rectangle, 3> sizes;
std::array<struct spa_fraction, 3> framerates;
sizes[0] = SPA_RECTANGLE(width, height); // Preferred
sizes[1] = SPA_RECTANGLE(1, 1);
sizes[2] = SPA_RECTANGLE(8192, 4096);
framerates[0] = SPA_FRACTION(0, 1); // default; we only want variable rate, thus bypassing compositor pacing
framerates[1] = SPA_FRACTION(0, 1); // min
framerates[2] = SPA_FRACTION(0, 1); // max
spa_pod_builder_push_object(b, &object_frame, SPA_TYPE_OBJECT_Format, SPA_PARAM_EnumFormat);
spa_pod_builder_add(b, SPA_FORMAT_mediaType, SPA_POD_Id(SPA_MEDIA_TYPE_video), 0);
spa_pod_builder_add(b, SPA_FORMAT_mediaSubtype, SPA_POD_Id(SPA_MEDIA_SUBTYPE_raw), 0);
spa_pod_builder_add(b, SPA_FORMAT_VIDEO_format, SPA_POD_Id(format), 0);
spa_pod_builder_add(b, SPA_FORMAT_VIDEO_size, SPA_POD_CHOICE_RANGE_Rectangle(&sizes[0], &sizes[1], &sizes[2]), 0);
spa_pod_builder_add(b, SPA_FORMAT_VIDEO_framerate, SPA_POD_Fraction(&framerates[0]), 0);
if (negotiate_maxframerate_) {
spa_pod_builder_add(b, SPA_FORMAT_VIDEO_maxFramerate, SPA_POD_CHOICE_RANGE_Fraction(&framerates[0], &framerates[1], &framerates[2]), 0);
}
if (format == SPA_VIDEO_FORMAT_xBGR_210LE) {
spa_pod_builder_add(b, SPA_FORMAT_VIDEO_colorPrimaries, SPA_POD_Id(SPA_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_BT2020), 0);
spa_pod_builder_add(b, SPA_FORMAT_VIDEO_transferFunction, SPA_POD_Id(SPA_VIDEO_TRANSFER_SMPTE2084), 0);
}
if (n_modifiers) {
spa_pod_builder_prop(b, SPA_FORMAT_VIDEO_modifier, SPA_POD_PROP_FLAG_MANDATORY | SPA_POD_PROP_FLAG_DONT_FIXATE);
spa_pod_builder_push_choice(b, &modifier_frame, SPA_CHOICE_Enum, 0);
// Preferred value, we pick the first modifier be the preferred one
spa_pod_builder_long(b, modifiers[0]);
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < n_modifiers; i++) {
spa_pod_builder_long(b, modifiers[i]);
}
spa_pod_builder_pop(b, &modifier_frame);
}
return static_cast<struct spa_pod *>(spa_pod_builder_pop(b, &object_frame));
}
static void on_core_info_cb([[maybe_unused]] void *user_data, const struct pw_core_info *pw_info) {
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Connected to pipewire version "sv << pw_info->version;
}
static void on_core_error_cb([[maybe_unused]] void *user_data, const uint32_t id, const int seq, [[maybe_unused]] int res, const char *message) {
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Pipewire Error, id:"sv << id << " seq:"sv << seq << " message: "sv << message;
}
constexpr static const struct pw_core_events core_events = {
.version = PW_VERSION_CORE_EVENTS,
.info = on_core_info_cb,
.error = on_core_error_cb,
};
static void on_stream_state_changed(void *user_data, enum pw_stream_state old, enum pw_stream_state state, const char *err_msg) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] PipeWire stream state: " << pw_stream_state_as_string(old)
<< " -> " << pw_stream_state_as_string(state);
auto *d = static_cast<stream_data_t *>(user_data);
switch (state) {
case PW_STREAM_STATE_PAUSED:
if (d->shared && old == PW_STREAM_STATE_STREAMING) {
{
std::scoped_lock lock(d->frame_mutex);
d->frame_ready = false;
d->current_buffer = nullptr;
d->shared->stream_dead.store(true);
d->shared->current_state = state;
d->shared->previous_state = old;
d->shared->err_msg = "";
}
d->frame_cv.notify_all();
}
break;
case PW_STREAM_STATE_ERROR:
{
std::scoped_lock lock(d->frame_mutex);
d->shared->current_state = state;
d->shared->previous_state = old;
d->shared->err_msg = std::string(err_msg);
}
[[fallthrough]];
case PW_STREAM_STATE_UNCONNECTED:
if (d->shared) {
d->shared->stream_dead.store(true);
d->frame_cv.notify_all();
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
static void on_process(void *user_data) {
const auto d = static_cast<struct stream_data_t *>(user_data);
struct pw_buffer *b = nullptr;
// 1. Drain the queue: Always grab the most recent buffer
while (struct pw_buffer *aux = pw_stream_dequeue_buffer(d->stream)) {
if (b) {
pw_stream_queue_buffer(d->stream, b); // Return the older, unused buffer
}
b = aux;
}
if (!b) {
return;
}
// 2. Fast Path: DMA-BUF
if (b->buffer->datas[0].type == SPA_DATA_DmaBuf) {
std::scoped_lock lock(d->frame_mutex);
if (d->current_buffer) {
pw_stream_queue_buffer(d->stream, d->current_buffer);
}
d->current_buffer = b;
d->frame_ready = true;
}
// 3. Optimized Path: Software/MemPtr
else if (b->buffer->datas[0].data != nullptr) {
size_t size = b->buffer->datas[0].chunk->size;
// Perform the copy to the BACK buffer while NOT holding the lock
if (d->back_buffer->size() < size) {
d->back_buffer->resize(size);
}
std::memcpy(d->back_buffer->data(), b->buffer->datas[0].data, size);
{
// Lock only for the pointer swap and state update
std::scoped_lock lock(d->frame_mutex);
std::swap(d->front_buffer, d->back_buffer);
d->local_stride = b->buffer->datas[0].chunk->stride;
d->frame_ready = true;
d->current_buffer = b;
}
// Release the PW buffer immediately after copy
pw_stream_queue_buffer(d->stream, b);
}
d->frame_cv.notify_one();
}
static void on_param_changed(void *user_data, uint32_t id, const struct spa_pod *param) {
const auto d = static_cast<struct stream_data_t *>(user_data);
d->current_buffer = nullptr;
if (param == nullptr || id != SPA_PARAM_Format) {
return;
}
if (spa_format_parse(param, &d->format.media_type, &d->format.media_subtype) < 0) {
return;
}
if (d->format.media_type != SPA_MEDIA_TYPE_video || d->format.media_subtype != SPA_MEDIA_SUBTYPE_raw) {
return;
}
if (spa_format_video_raw_parse(param, &d->format.info.raw) < 0) {
return;
}
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Video format: "sv << d->format.info.raw.format;
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Size: "sv << d->format.info.raw.size.width << "x"sv << d->format.info.raw.size.height;
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Color primaries: "sv << d->format.info.raw.color_primaries;
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Transfer function: "sv << d->format.info.raw.transfer_function;
if (d->format.info.raw.max_framerate.num == 0 && d->format.info.raw.max_framerate.denom == 1) {
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Framerate (from compositor): 0/1 (variable rate capture)";
} else {
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Framerate (from compositor): "sv << d->format.info.raw.framerate.num << "/"sv << d->format.info.raw.framerate.denom;
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Framerate (from compositor, max): "sv << d->format.info.raw.max_framerate.num << "/"sv << d->format.info.raw.max_framerate.denom;
}
int physical_w = d->format.info.raw.size.width;
int physical_h = d->format.info.raw.size.height;
if (d->shared) {
int old_w = d->shared->negotiated_width.load();
int old_h = d->shared->negotiated_height.load();
int old_color_primaries = d->shared->color_primaries.load();
int old_transfer_function = d->shared->transfer_function.load();
if (physical_w != old_w || physical_h != old_h) {
d->shared->negotiated_width.store(physical_w);
d->shared->negotiated_height.store(physical_h);
}
if (d->format.info.raw.color_primaries != old_color_primaries || d->format.info.raw.transfer_function != old_transfer_function) {
d->shared->color_primaries.store(d->format.info.raw.color_primaries);
d->shared->transfer_function.store(d->format.info.raw.transfer_function);
}
}
uint64_t drm_format = 0;
for (const auto &fmt : format_map) {
if (fmt.pw_format == d->format.info.raw.format) {
drm_format = fmt.fourcc;
}
}
d->drm_format = drm_format;
uint32_t buffer_types = 0;
if (spa_pod_find_prop(param, nullptr, SPA_FORMAT_VIDEO_modifier) != nullptr && d->drm_format) {
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] using DMA-BUF buffers"sv;
buffer_types |= 1 << SPA_DATA_DmaBuf;
} else {
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] using memory buffers"sv;
buffer_types |= 1 << SPA_DATA_MemPtr;
}
// Ack the buffer type and metadata
std::array<uint8_t, SPA_POD_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer;
std::array<const struct spa_pod *, 3> params;
int n_params = 0;
struct spa_pod_builder pod_builder = SPA_POD_BUILDER_INIT(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
auto buffer_param = static_cast<const struct spa_pod *>(spa_pod_builder_add_object(&pod_builder, SPA_TYPE_OBJECT_ParamBuffers, SPA_PARAM_Buffers, SPA_PARAM_BUFFERS_dataType, SPA_POD_Int(buffer_types)));
params[n_params] = buffer_param;
n_params++;
auto meta_param = static_cast<const struct spa_pod *>(spa_pod_builder_add_object(&pod_builder, SPA_TYPE_OBJECT_ParamMeta, SPA_PARAM_Meta, SPA_PARAM_META_type, SPA_POD_Id(SPA_META_Header), SPA_PARAM_META_size, SPA_POD_Int(sizeof(struct spa_meta_header))));
params[n_params] = meta_param;
n_params++;
int videoDamageRegionCount = 16;
auto damage_param = static_cast<const struct spa_pod *>(spa_pod_builder_add_object(&pod_builder, SPA_TYPE_OBJECT_ParamMeta, SPA_PARAM_Meta, SPA_PARAM_META_type, SPA_POD_Id(SPA_META_VideoDamage), SPA_PARAM_META_size, SPA_POD_CHOICE_RANGE_Int(sizeof(struct spa_meta_region) * videoDamageRegionCount, sizeof(struct spa_meta_region) * 1, sizeof(struct spa_meta_region) * videoDamageRegionCount)));
params[n_params] = damage_param;
n_params++;
pw_stream_update_params(d->stream, params.data(), n_params);
}
constexpr static const struct pw_stream_events stream_events = {
.version = PW_VERSION_STREAM_EVENTS,
.state_changed = on_stream_state_changed,
.param_changed = on_param_changed,
.process = on_process,
};
};
class pipewire_display_t: public platf::display_t {
public:
static bool init_pipewire_and_check_hwdevice_type(platf::mem_type_e hwdevice_type) {
// Initialize pipewire to load necessary modules
pw_init(nullptr, nullptr);
// Check if we have a matching hwdevice_type
switch (hwdevice_type) {
using enum platf::mem_type_e;
case system:
case vaapi:
case cuda:
case vulkan:
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
/**
* @brief Configure the pipewire stream
* @param display_name provide a stream for this display_name
* @param out_pipewire_fd set to the pipewire fd for the stream during function call (or -1 for using the local context)
* @param out_pipewire_node set to the pipewire node of the stream during function call (or PW_ID_ANY to refer to object_serial)
* @param out_pipewire_objectserial set the pipewire object serial of the stream during function call
* @returns 0 if the stream successfully configured
*/
virtual int configure_stream(const std::string &display_name, int &out_pipewire_fd, uint32_t &out_pipewire_node, uint64_t &out_pipewire_objectserial) = 0;
/**
* @brief Verify and update display parameters for logical dimensions, desktop dimensions and logical desktop dimensions (default is adapted from wlgrab)
*/
virtual void verify_and_update_display_parameters() {
// Query outputs directly using wayland wl::monitors()
if (logical_height <= 0 || logical_width <= 0 || env_logical_height <= 0 || env_logical_width <= 0 || env_height <= 0 || env_width <= 0) {
int desktop_width = 0;
int desktop_height = 0;
int desktop_logical_width = 0;
int desktop_logical_height = 0;
for (const auto &monitor : wl::monitors()) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Found output: '"sv << monitor->name << "' offset: "sv << monitor->viewport.offset_x << 'x' << monitor->viewport.offset_y << " resolution: "sv << monitor->viewport.width << 'x' << monitor->viewport.height << " logical resolution: "sv << monitor->viewport.logical_width << 'x' << monitor->viewport.logical_height;
// If logical_width and logical_height are not valid try to update them to correct values by matching to monitor
// position/dimension or position/logical dimensions here since we're iterating for maximum environment size anyway
if ((logical_width <= 0 || logical_height <= 0) && monitor->viewport.offset_x == offset_x && monitor->viewport.offset_y == offset_y && ((monitor->viewport.width == width && monitor->viewport.height == height) || (monitor->viewport.logical_width == width && monitor->viewport.logical_height == height))) {
this->logical_width = monitor->viewport.logical_width;
this->logical_height = monitor->viewport.logical_height;
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Set logical resolution: "sv << logical_width << 'x' << logical_height;
}
// Update desktop dimensions to setup maximum environment size over all screens
desktop_width = std::max(desktop_width, monitor->viewport.offset_x + monitor->viewport.width);
desktop_height = std::max(desktop_height, monitor->viewport.offset_y + monitor->viewport.height);
// Update desktop logical dimensions to setup maximum logical environment size over all screens
desktop_logical_width = std::max(desktop_logical_width, monitor->viewport.offset_x + monitor->viewport.logical_width);
desktop_logical_height = std::max(desktop_logical_height, monitor->viewport.offset_y + monitor->viewport.logical_height);
}
if (env_height <= 0 || env_width <= 0) {
this->env_width = desktop_width;
this->env_height = desktop_height;
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Set desktop resolution: "sv << env_width << 'x' << env_height;
}
if (env_logical_height <= 0 || env_logical_width <= 0) {
this->env_logical_width = desktop_logical_width;
this->env_logical_height = desktop_logical_height;
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Set desktop logical resolution: "sv << env_logical_width << 'x' << env_logical_height;
}
}
}
int init(platf::mem_type_e hwdevice_type, const std::string &display_name, const ::video::config_t &config) {
// calculate frame interval we should capture at
framerate = config.framerate;
if (config.framerateX100 > 0) {
AVRational fps_strict = ::video::framerateX100_to_rational(config.framerateX100);
delay = std::chrono::nanoseconds(
(static_cast<int64_t>(fps_strict.den) * 1'000'000'000LL) / fps_strict.num
);
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Requested frame rate [" << fps_strict.num << "/" << fps_strict.den << ", approx. " << av_q2d(fps_strict) << " fps]";
} else {
delay = std::chrono::nanoseconds {1s} / framerate;
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Requested frame rate [" << framerate << "fps]";
}
mem_type = hwdevice_type;
if (get_dmabuf_modifiers() < 0) {
return -1;
}
int pipewire_fd = -1;
auto pipewire_node = PW_ID_ANY; // Default for invalid stream from pipewire docs
uint64_t pipewire_object_serial = SPA_ID_INVALID; // Default for invalid stream from pipewire docs for PW_KEY_OBJECT_SERIAL
// Fetch stream info
if (configure_stream(display_name, pipewire_fd, pipewire_node, pipewire_object_serial) < 0 || (pipewire_node == PW_ID_ANY && (pipewire_object_serial & SPA_ID_INVALID) == SPA_ID_INVALID)) {
BOOST_LOG(error) << "[pipewire] Could not find display with name: '"sv << display_name << "'";
return -1;
}
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Streaming display '"sv << display_name << "' offset: "sv << offset_x << "x"sv << offset_y << " resolution: "sv << width << "x"sv << height;
// Verify or update display parameters for streaming to ensure absolute touch inputs work as expected
verify_and_update_display_parameters();
framerate = config.framerate;
if (!shared_state) {
shared_state = std::make_shared<shared_state_t>();
} else {
shared_state->stream_dead.store(false);
shared_state->negotiated_width.store(0);
shared_state->negotiated_height.store(0);
shared_state->color_primaries.store(0);
shared_state->transfer_function.store(0);
}
if (pipewire.init(pipewire_fd, pipewire_node, pipewire_object_serial, shared_state) < 0) {
BOOST_LOG(error) << "[pipewire] Failed to init pipewire. pipewire_t::init() failed.";
return -1;
}
// Start PipeWire now so format negotiation can proceed before capture start
if (pipewire.ensure_stream(mem_type, width, height, framerate, dmabuf_infos.data(), n_dmabuf_infos, display_is_nvidia) < 0) {
BOOST_LOG(error) << "[pipewire] Failed to ensure pipewire stream. pipewire_t::init() failed.";
return -1;
}
// Wait for pipewire negotiation to finish so we have the proper negotiated dimensions
int timeout_ms = 1500;
int negotiated_w = 0;
int negotiated_h = 0;
while (timeout_ms > 0) {
negotiated_w = shared_state->negotiated_width.load();
negotiated_h = shared_state->negotiated_height.load();
if (negotiated_w > 0 && negotiated_h > 0) {
break;
}
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
timeout_ms -= 10;
}
// Set width and height to the values negotiated by pipewire
if (negotiated_w > 0 && negotiated_h > 0 && (negotiated_w != width || negotiated_h != height)) {
width = negotiated_w;
height = negotiated_h;
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Using negotiated Resolution: "sv << width << "x" << height;
// Reset and update display parameters for negotiated resolution
env_width = 0;
env_height = 0;
logical_height = 0;
logical_width = 0;
env_logical_height = 0;
env_logical_width = 0;
verify_and_update_display_parameters();
}
return 0;
}
platf::capture_e snapshot(const pull_free_image_cb_t &pull_free_image_cb, std::shared_ptr<platf::img_t> &img_out, std::chrono::milliseconds timeout, bool show_cursor) {
// FIXME: show_cursor is ignored
auto deadline = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + timeout;
int retries = 0;
while (std::chrono::steady_clock::now() < deadline) {
if (!wait_for_frame(deadline)) {
return platf::capture_e::timeout;
}
if (!pull_free_image_cb(img_out)) {
return platf::capture_e::interrupted;
}
auto *img_egl = static_cast<egl::img_descriptor_t *>(img_out.get());
img_egl->reset();
pipewire.fill_img(img_egl);
// Check if we got valid data (either DMA-BUF fd or memory pointer), then filter duplicates
if ((img_egl->sd.fds[0] >= 0 || img_egl->data != nullptr) && !is_buffer_redundant(img_egl)) {
// Update frame metadata
update_metadata(img_egl, retries);
return platf::capture_e::ok;
}
// No valid frame yet, or it was a duplicate
retries++;
}
return platf::capture_e::timeout;
}
std::shared_ptr<platf::img_t> alloc_img() override {
// Note: this img_t type is also used for memory buffers
auto img = std::make_shared<egl::img_descriptor_t>();
img->width = width;
img->height = height;
img->pixel_pitch = 4;
img->row_pitch = img->pixel_pitch * width;
img->sequence = 0;
img->serial = std::numeric_limits<decltype(img->serial)>::max();
img->data = nullptr;
std::fill_n(img->sd.fds, 4, -1);
return img;
}
virtual bool check_stream_dead(platf::capture_e &out_status) {
return false; // Return to default stream dead handling.
}
platf::capture_e capture(const push_captured_image_cb_t &push_captured_image_cb, const pull_free_image_cb_t &pull_free_image_cb, bool *cursor) override {
auto next_frame = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
if (pipewire.ensure_stream(mem_type, width, height, framerate, dmabuf_infos.data(), n_dmabuf_infos, display_is_nvidia) < 0) {
BOOST_LOG(error) << "[pipewire] Failed to ensure pipewire stream. capture() failed with error.";
return platf::capture_e::error;
}
sleep_overshoot_logger.reset();
while (true) {
// Check if PipeWire signaled a dead stream
if (shared_state->stream_dead.exchange(false)) {
// Additional custom error-handling for subclasses on stream dead event
if (platf::capture_e status; check_stream_dead(status)) {
return status;
}
// Re-init the capture if the stream is dead for any other reason
BOOST_LOG(warning) << "[pipewire] PipeWire stream disconnected. Forcing session reset."sv;
return platf::capture_e::reinit;
}
// Advance to (or catch up with) next delay interval
auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
while (next_frame < now) {
next_frame += delay;
}
if (next_frame > now) {
std::this_thread::sleep_until(next_frame);
sleep_overshoot_logger.first_point(next_frame);
sleep_overshoot_logger.second_point_now_and_log();
}
std::shared_ptr<platf::img_t> img_out;
switch (const auto status = snapshot(pull_free_image_cb, img_out, 1000ms, *cursor)) {
case platf::capture_e::reinit:
case platf::capture_e::error:
case platf::capture_e::interrupted:
pipewire.frame_cv().notify_all();
return status;
case platf::capture_e::timeout:
if (!pull_free_image_cb(img_out)) {
// Detect if shutdown is pending
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] PipeWire: timeout -> interrupt nudge";
pipewire.frame_cv().notify_all();
return platf::capture_e::interrupted;
}
if (!push_captured_image_cb(std::move(img_out), false)) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] PipeWire: !push_captured_image_cb -> ok";
return platf::capture_e::ok;
}
break;
case platf::capture_e::ok:
if (!push_captured_image_cb(std::move(img_out), true)) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] PipeWire: !push_captured_image_cb -> ok";
return platf::capture_e::ok;
}
break;
default:
BOOST_LOG(error) << "[pipewire] Unrecognized capture status ["sv << std::to_underlying(status) << ']';
return status;
}
}
return platf::capture_e::ok;
}
std::unique_ptr<platf::avcodec_encode_device_t> make_avcodec_encode_device(platf::pix_fmt_e pix_fmt) override {
#ifdef SUNSHINE_BUILD_VAAPI
if (mem_type == platf::mem_type_e::vaapi) {
return va::make_avcodec_encode_device(width, height, n_dmabuf_infos > 0);
}
#endif
#ifdef SUNSHINE_BUILD_VULKAN
if (mem_type == platf::mem_type_e::vulkan && n_dmabuf_infos > 0) {
return vk::make_avcodec_encode_device_vram(width, height, 0, 0);
}
#endif
#ifdef SUNSHINE_BUILD_CUDA
if (mem_type == platf::mem_type_e::cuda) {
if (display_is_nvidia && n_dmabuf_infos > 0) {
// Display GPU is NVIDIA - can use DMA-BUF directly
return cuda::make_avcodec_gl_encode_device(width, height, 0, 0);
} else {
// Hybrid system (Intel display + NVIDIA encode) - use memory buffer path
// DMA-BUFs from Intel GPU cannot be imported into CUDA
return cuda::make_avcodec_encode_device(width, height, false);
}
}
#endif
return std::make_unique<platf::avcodec_encode_device_t>();
}
int dummy_img(platf::img_t *img) override {
if (!img) {
return -1;
}
img->data = new std::uint8_t[img->height * img->row_pitch];
std::fill_n(img->data, img->height * img->row_pitch, 0);
return 0;
}
bool is_hdr() override {
int color_primaries = shared_state->color_primaries.load();
int transfer_function = shared_state->transfer_function.load();
if (color_primaries == SPA_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_BT2020 && transfer_function == SPA_VIDEO_TRANSFER_SMPTE2084) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
bool get_hdr_metadata(SS_HDR_METADATA &metadata) override {
int color_primaries = shared_state->color_primaries.load();
int transfer_function = shared_state->transfer_function.load();
if (color_primaries == SPA_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_BT2020 && transfer_function == SPA_VIDEO_TRANSFER_SMPTE2084) {
// Report Rec 2020 primaries
metadata.displayPrimaries[0].x = 0.708f * 50000;
metadata.displayPrimaries[0].y = 0.292f * 50000;
metadata.displayPrimaries[1].x = 0.170f * 50000;
metadata.displayPrimaries[1].y = 0.797f * 50000;
metadata.displayPrimaries[2].x = 0.131f * 50000;
metadata.displayPrimaries[2].y = 0.046f * 50000;
metadata.whitePoint.x = 0.3127f * 50000;
metadata.whitePoint.y = 0.3290f * 50000;
// This is according to HDR10+ standards, should probably be based on actual data
metadata.maxDisplayLuminance = 4000;
metadata.minDisplayLuminance = 1;
// These are content-specific metadata parameters that this interface doesn't give us
metadata.maxContentLightLevel = 0;
metadata.maxFrameAverageLightLevel = 0;
metadata.maxFullFrameLuminance = 0;
return true;
}
return false;
}
private:
bool is_buffer_redundant(const egl::img_descriptor_t *img) {
// Check for corrupted frame
if (img->pw_flags.has_value() && (img->pw_flags.value() & SPA_CHUNK_FLAG_CORRUPTED)) {
return true;
}
// If PTS is identical, only drop if damage metadata confirms no change
if (img->pts.has_value() && last_pts.has_value() && img->pts.value() == last_pts.value()) {
return img->pw_damage.has_value() && !img->pw_damage.value();
}
return false;
}
void update_metadata(egl::img_descriptor_t *img, int retries) {
last_seq = img->seq;
last_pts = img->pts;
img->sequence = ++sequence;
if (retries > 0) {
BOOST_LOG(debug) << "[pipewire] Processed frame after " << retries << " redundant events."sv;
}
}
bool wait_for_frame(std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point deadline) {
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(pipewire.frame_mutex());
bool success = pipewire.frame_cv().wait_until(lock, deadline, [&] {
return pipewire.is_frame_ready() || shared_state->stream_dead.load();
});
if (success) {
pipewire.set_frame_ready(false);
return true;
}
return false;
}
static bool pw_format_supported(uint64_t fourcc, std::array<EGLint, MAX_DMABUF_FORMATS> dmabuf_formats) {
for (const auto &drm_format : dmabuf_formats) {
if (drm_format == fourcc) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
void query_dmabuf_formats(EGLDisplay egl_display) {
EGLint num_dmabuf_formats = 0;
std::array<EGLint, MAX_DMABUF_FORMATS> dmabuf_formats = {0};
eglQueryDmaBufFormatsEXT(egl_display, MAX_DMABUF_FORMATS, dmabuf_formats.data(), &num_dmabuf_formats);
if (num_dmabuf_formats > MAX_DMABUF_FORMATS) {
BOOST_LOG(warning) << "[pipewire] Some DMA-BUF formats are being ignored"sv;
}
for (const auto &fmt : format_map) {
if (n_dmabuf_infos >= MAX_DMABUF_FORMATS) {
break;
}
if (!pw_format_supported(fmt.fourcc, dmabuf_formats)) {
continue;
}
EGLint num_modifiers = 0;
std::array<EGLuint64KHR, MAX_DMABUF_MODIFIERS> mods = {0};
eglQueryDmaBufModifiersEXT(egl_display, fmt.fourcc, MAX_DMABUF_MODIFIERS, mods.data(), nullptr, &num_modifiers);
if (num_modifiers > MAX_DMABUF_MODIFIERS) {
BOOST_LOG(warning) << "[pipewire] Some DMA-BUF modifiers are being ignored"sv;
}
dmabuf_infos[n_dmabuf_infos].format = fmt.pw_format;
dmabuf_infos[n_dmabuf_infos].n_modifiers = MIN(num_modifiers, MAX_DMABUF_MODIFIERS);
dmabuf_infos[n_dmabuf_infos].modifiers =
static_cast<uint64_t *>(g_memdup2(mods.data(), sizeof(uint64_t) * dmabuf_infos[n_dmabuf_infos].n_modifiers));
++n_dmabuf_infos;
}
}
int get_dmabuf_modifiers() {
if (wl_display.init() < 0) {
return -1;
}
auto egl_display = egl::make_display(wl_display.get());
if (!egl_display) {
return -1;
}
// Detect if this is a pure NVIDIA system (not hybrid Intel+NVIDIA)
// On hybrid systems, the wayland compositor typically runs on Intel,
// so DMA-BUFs from portal will come from Intel and cannot be imported into CUDA.
// Check if Intel GPU exists - if so, assume hybrid system and disable CUDA DMA-BUF.
bool has_intel_gpu = std::ifstream("/sys/class/drm/card0/device/vendor").good() ||
std::ifstream("/sys/class/drm/card1/device/vendor").good();
if (has_intel_gpu) {
// Read vendor IDs to check for Intel (0x8086)
auto check_intel = [](const std::string &path) {
if (std::ifstream f(path); f.good()) {
std::string vendor;
f >> vendor;
return vendor == "0x8086";
}
return false;
};
bool intel_present = check_intel("/sys/class/drm/card0/device/vendor") ||
check_intel("/sys/class/drm/card1/device/vendor");
if (intel_present) {
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Hybrid GPU system detected (Intel + discrete) - CUDA will use memory buffers"sv;
display_is_nvidia = false;
} else {
// No Intel GPU found, check if NVIDIA is present
const char *vendor = eglQueryString(egl_display.get(), EGL_VENDOR);
if (vendor && std::string_view(vendor).contains("NVIDIA")) {
BOOST_LOG(info) << "[pipewire] Pure NVIDIA system - DMA-BUF will be enabled for CUDA"sv;
display_is_nvidia = true;
}
}
}
if (eglQueryDmaBufFormatsEXT && eglQueryDmaBufModifiersEXT) {
query_dmabuf_formats(egl_display.get());
}
return 0;
}
platf::mem_type_e mem_type;
wl::display_t wl_display;
std::array<struct dmabuf_format_info_t, MAX_DMABUF_FORMATS> dmabuf_infos;
int n_dmabuf_infos;
bool display_is_nvidia = false; // Track if display GPU is NVIDIA
std::chrono::nanoseconds delay;
std::optional<std::uint64_t> last_pts {};
std::optional<std::uint64_t> last_seq {};
std::uint64_t sequence {};
uint32_t framerate;
protected:
// Allow subclasses to access for pipewire requirements setup and stream dead checks
pipewire_t pipewire;
std::shared_ptr<shared_state_t> shared_state;
};
} // namespace pipewire
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